Drinks, Hijinks, and Policy Change: Fraternities at Gettysburg College in the Haaland Years (1990-2004)

This paper establishes what the fraternity structure was like at Gettysburg College during Gordon Haaland\u27s presidency. Between 1990 and 2004, we explore the roaring party dynamic that was continually threatened by the administration and examine how the switch to sophomore rush tried to tame it. With testimonies from fraternity brothers during this era we try to capture the good, bad, and ugly of fraternity life. While Haaland\u27s administration did not get ride of the fraternity system, it certainly made it safer and reigned it in significantly

The Consequences of Couples’ Pregnancy Intentions for Early Parental Behaviors and Infant Health: Does It Matter Who Is Asked?

Previous research has found that pregnancy intentions are predictive of some early parental behaviors and infant health outcomes. However, most studies have relied on mothers’ reports of pregnancy intentions and have examined only maternal behaviors which may affect children’s health. This analysis draws on baseline data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, a 20-city study of unmarried parents and their children, to examine the relationship between pregnancy intentions and early parental and child outcomes. The study takes advantage of data collected from fathers and mothers to look at an alternate measure of pregnancy intention whether either parent considered abortion at the time they learned of the pregnancy and whether it is associated with maternal and paternal behaviors during the pregnancy and with infant birth weight. Results from regression analyses show that mothers are less likely to initiate early prenatal care and fathers are less likely to make cash or in-kind contributions during the pregnancy when one or both parents considered abortion. Which parents’ intentions are influential varies by outcome as well as by which parent reported it. Having both parents or the mother only consider abortion is also negatively associated with mothers’ reports of all parental behaviors, while having both parents or the father only consider abortion is negatively associated with fathers’ reports of their in-kind contributions and both parents’ reports of fathers’ cash contributions. Parents’ considerations are not significantly associated with infant birth weight. For early initiation of prenatal care, mothers’ reports of having considered abortion are consequential but fathers’ reports are not. Fathers’ considerations matter for their reports of their own contributions, but these outcomes are even worse when both parents considered abortion. Because findings differ by each parent’s intentions and by which parent reported paternal contributions, future research examining the consequences of pregnancy intention should examine measures of pregnancy intention and paternal behaviors reported by both parents.

Currency Portfolios and Currency Exchange in a Search Economy

We develop a dual currency search model to study equilibrium currency exchange and the determination of nominal exchange rates. Agents hold portfolios consisting of two distinct currencies. We study equilibria in which the two currencies are identical and equilibria in which the two currencies differ according to their relative purchasing power risk. We use numerical methods to solve for the steady-state distributions of currency portfolios, nominal exchange rates and value functions. When one of the currencies is 'risky', equilibria exist in which the safe currency trades for multiple units of the risky currency with the observed ratio being the nominal exchange rate. However, due to the decentralized trading environment, we obtain a steady state distribution of nominal exchange rates. The mean and variance of the nominal exchange rate distribution are based on the fundamentals of the model and change in predictable ways when the fundamentals change. -- Wir entwickeln ein Modell mit zwei Währungen, um das Gleichgewicht beim Austausch der Währungen und die nominalen Wechselkurse zu bestimmen. Die Wirtschaftssubjekte halten Portfolios, die aus den zwei verschiedenen Währungen bestehen. Wir untersuchen Gleichgewichte, in denen die zwei Währungen identische Eigenschaften haben und Gleichgewichte, in denen sich die zwei Währungen hinsichtlich ihres Kaufkraftrisikos unterscheiden. Es werden numerische Methoden verwendet, um die Verteilungen der Währungsportfolios, der nominalen Wechselkurse und der Wertfunktionen im langfristigen Gleichgewicht zu bestimmen. Wenn eine der Währungen risikobehaftet ist, dann existieren Gleichgewichte, in denen die sichere Währung gegen mehrere Einheiten der risikobehafteten Währung gehandelt wird. Das Austauschverhältnis ist der nominale Wechselkurs. Da der Handel dezentral erfolgt, ergibt sich eine Gleichgewichtsverteilung der Wechselkurse. Der Mittelwert und die Varianz dieser Verteilung hängt von den Fundamentalfaktoren des Modells ab. Wenn sich die Fundamentalfaktoren ändern, dann ändert sich diese Verteilung in vorhersehbarer Weise.

Dual-currency economies as multiple-payment systems

Monetary search models are valuable for studying how a second currency's acceptability arises endogenously in an economy that lacks a stable domestic currency and other more sophisticated payment systems. Search models' basic assumptions (absence of credit, lack of smoothly functioning banking systems, reliance on currency as the sole medium of exchange, and primitive trading environments) are not necessarily consistent with modern financial systems. They do, however, provide good descriptions of transitional and developing economies, particularly in the countries of the former Soviet Union, and may yield helpful policy prescriptions.Money ; Monetary theory

The voice of woman in contemporary society : women not wives-Hillary Rodham Clinton

El presente artículo sale en defensa de Hillary Clinton frente a la misoginia de\ud que es objeto en Estados Unidos, y más concretamente en la revista Newsweek. Su\ud imagen es distorsionada para reprsentar a una mujer amenazadora para la seguridad\ud nacional del país y cuyas ansias de poder y "conspiraciones" pueden hacer tambalear a\ud la Casa Blanca. Por otro lado, contrasta la imagen de ilusión, esperanza y equilibrio que\ud representa su marido, Bill Clinton. Jamás se reconocerá la profesionalidad e inteligencia\ud de Hillary Clinton en un país predominantemente machista en la ocupación de altos cargos

The voice of woman in contemporary society : women not wives-Hillary Rodham Clinton

El presente artículo sale en defensa de Hillary Clinton frente a la misoginia de que es objeto en Estados Unidos, y más concretamente en la revista Newsweek. Su imagen es distorsionada para reprsentar a una mujer amenazadora para la seguridad nacional del país y cuyas ansias de poder y "conspiraciones" pueden hacer tambalear a la Casa Blanca. Por otro lado, contrasta la imagen de ilusión, esperanza y equilibrio que representa su marido, Bill Clinton. Jamás se reconocerá la profesionalidad e inteligencia de Hillary Clinton en un país predominantemente machista en la ocupación de altos cargos

Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure: An Exploratory Study of the Top 10 Media Organisations

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is an issue of growing interest in the business world, and many large, multinational companies, including media organisations, are voluntarily disclosing information regarding their CSR activities. While there is criticism of the ethical values of the media , some media organisations are using CSR to promote a positive side of their business. This exploratory study observes what the leading media organisations are doing in terms of CSR activities to propose a CSR disclosure index for the media industry, and discusses some implications for other organisations

An Analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure by Advertising Agencies

The corporate annual report has become more than a mandatory financial report for public companies, with many companies also using it as an important marketing communication tool. As corporate social responsibility (CSR) is an issue of growing interest in the business world, many publicly listed companies, including advertising agencies, are voluntarily disclosing information regarding their CSR activities in their annual report. This descriptive study analyses the annual reports of the top six holding companies in the global advertising industry, in order to observe which advertising companies disclose their CSR activities and what activities they undertake, and the development of a CSR disclosure index for advertising agencies. The results indicate that some advertising companies do engage in CSR activities and disclose them in the annual report, but the level of these CSR disclosures is different between the organisations

Liquid polymorphism and density anomaly in a three-dimensional associating lattice gas

We investigate the phase diagram of a three-dimensional associating gas $(ALG)$ model. This model combines orientational ice-like interactions and ``van der Waals'' that might be repulsive, representing, in this case, a penalty for distortion of hydrogen bonds. These interactions can be interpreted as two competing distances making the connection between this model and continuous isotropic soft-core potentials. We present Monte Carlo studies of the $ALG$ model showing the presence of two liquid phase, two critical points and A density anomaly